I have recently bought an Arduino Uno, which is basically an atMega328 avr processor with all the details such as I/O and connection to the computer taking care of for you.
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I have successfully written code using the Arduino IDE and the avr-gcc collection.However, I would like to write pure assembly code for it, and I have hit a dead-end, since there seems to be close to none documentation on that.That is, I would like to write 'pure' assembly, no inline c assembly and the like.I would like instructions on doing so and, if possible, an example program(the assembly output of gcc-avr was not that helpful, being incomprehensible and all ).
In particular:
- How can one instruct avr-as to put that code in eg the interrupt vectors ?
- What directives are available?
- Where do .data and .bss sections go?
Using the EEPROM memory in AVR-GCC Tutorial (c) Dean Camera, 2006. In AVR-GCC, a word is two bytes while a block is an arbitrary number of bytes which you supply. Upon compilation of your program with the default makefile, GCC will output two Intel-HEX format files. One will be your.HEX which contains your program data, and which is. If you are using Windows, we recommend downloading WinAVR, which contains the avr-gcc toolchain and a command-line utility called AVRDUDE that can be used to upload programs to the A-Star bootloader. If the version of GNU Make that comes with WinAVR crashes on your computer, we recommend using the Pololu version of GNU Make.
Pointing me to appropriate examples is appreciated.
byrondrossos
byrondrossos3 Answers
The best documentation I could find is the avr-gcc assembler tutorial.This explains that:
Avr Gcc Example Code
One can use the interrupt vectors using the avr-libc.In order to do it without external libraries, one can reference the source, as Brett Hale suggested.
It mentions the avr-specific directives.
UNIT V VHDL RTL Design – combinational logic – Sequential circuit – Operators – Introduction to Packages – Subprograms – Test bench. Digital logic circuits pdf.
It also comes with a simple example.
byrondrossosbyrondrossosI suggest you look the avr-libc library. Don't let the name mislead you. Most of it's highly optimized AVR assembler, with linker scripts, low level HW access, etc.
Brett HaleBrett HaleThe Arduino Wiki at http://www.cs.nmsu.edu/~jcook/arduino/index.phpgives a way to do just that. It requires modifying and rebuilding the Arduino IDE to allow the assembly code (.s files) to be used.